Early in the pandemic (April 2020) I started what became a long #Twitter thread on #gender #bias in academic #publishing.

Update. In political science, "journal articles authored exclusively by female scholars score 27% lower on average [on Altmetric Attention Scores, AAS] than exclusively male-authored outputs. However, men are also more likely to write articles with an AAS of zero. These patterns are shaped by the presence of high-scoring male 'superstars' whose research attracts much online attention."
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41304-023-00431-y

#Altmetrics #Gender #PoliticalScience

Update. "We evaluated how the #gender composition of top-cited authors within different subfields of research has evolved over time…Men outnumbered women 1.88-fold among all authors, decreasing from 3.93-fold to 1.36-fold over time. Men outnumbered women 3.21-fold among top-cited authors, decreasing from 6.41-fold to 2.28-fold over time." Imbalances varied greatly by discipline.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.05.25.542328v1

Update. "We find that sex differences in the number of publications, citations, and citations per publication were small across low and medium levels of productivity, but become more pronounced the higher the level of performance. In the top performing 10% the female proportion decreases from the average 43.2% to 26%."
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03075079.2023.2223638

Update. "Among all editors [of major #pediatrics journals], 39.2%…were women, and 38.4% of physician editors…were women."
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2806837

#Gender #GenderBias

Update. The 𝘚𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘰-𝘌𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘤 𝘙𝘦𝘷𝘪𝘦𝘸 studied its own publishing history by #gender. "While no gender differences exist in overall acceptance rates for submitted papers, a substantial gender gap exists in the number of submissions."
https://academic.oup.com/ser/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ser/mwad041/7220750

Update. "Female scientists were much less likely than their male counterparts to be submitted for #assessment in the last Research Excellence Framework (#REF), according to an analysis."
https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/ref-2021-female-academics-much-less-likely-be-submitted
(#paywalled)

#Gender #UK

Update. In #PoliticalScience "mean [#altmetrics] scores are highest on average for mixed-gender authored items (30.54). Exclusively female-authored research generates, on average, the lowest scores (19.23) as compared to exclusively male-authored research (24.49)."
https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2023/06/19/altmetric-scores-in-political-science-are-gendered-does-it-matter/

Update. Review of _Equity for Women in Science_ by Cassidy Sugimoto and Vincent Larivière (Harvard University Press, 2023).
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02139-x

"#Gender gaps are still with us."

Update. In the field of #economics, after the #pandemic, "men and women both experienced production increases [i.e. posted more working papers] with the exception of women between the age of 35 and 49, who experienced no production gains despite large increases for men in the same age group."
https://academic.oup.com/rfs/article/36/8/3348/6854998

Update. Women in analytic #philosophy 1896-1960.
https://aeon.co/essays/the-lost-women-of-early-analytic-philosophy

"We looked at all the 3,288 articles that appeared in six [major analytic] philosophy journals between 1896 and 1960…On average, only 4%…were authored by women. Most of these women, 70 in number, are presently forgotten…Only four of the 246 papers presented at meetings of [Society for the Study of the History of Analytical Philosophy, #SSHAP] in the period 2015 to 2019 were about female philosophers – less than 2%."

Update. New study: At least in #Germany, in the field of #economics, "men tend to seek reputation, while women favor visibility through #OpenAccess…Overall female researchers appear to contribute more to the public good of #OpenScience, while their male colleagues focus on private reputation. These findings may offer an additional explanatory channel for the academic #gender gap."
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733323001580

Update. New study of #editors of medical-education journals published in the global #south: "Among 1219 editors, 57.5% were men. Out of 46 editors in chief (EICs), 34.7% were women, and 60.9% were based in high income countries. No EIC belonged to low-income country. The proportion of female advisory board members was found to be positively correlated with the presence of a female EIC."
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0142159X.2023.2249212

Update. Anna Kristina Hultgren and Pejman Habibie (eds.), _Women in Scholarly Publishing_, a new book from Routledge.

At least temporarily free to read from this link.
https://www.google.com/books/edition/Women_in_Scholarly_Publishing/M1rXEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA1979&printsec=frontcover

Publisher's page, suggesting that the book is not out yet and not OA.
https://www.routledge.com/Women-in-Scholarly-Publishing-A-Gender-Perspective/Hultgren-Habibie/p/book/9781032045207

Update. New study, my paraphrase: Gender and racial bias in academic publishing doesn't show up just in acceptance rates, citation rates, and representation rates on editorial boards. It also shows up in publishing rates during times of stress, such as the pandemic. Using publication tallies as an assessment metric can aggravate this bias.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291124

Update. In tension with the results above (previous toot, this thread), this study finds that "gender gaps in productivity are highly context-dependent; once scientific field, academic position, institutional affiliation and age are controlled for, most gender differences all but disappear."
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003193586-9/beyond-essentialism-lynn-nygaard-dag-aksnes-fredrik-niclas-piro

Update. New study: "The proportion of positive [supporting] and negative [criticizing] citations was higher for publications whose first/last authors were women (vs. men), while the opposite was true for neutral [mentioning] citations."
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-023-04827-x

Update. In medical journals, "women were underrepresented among authors of retracted articles, and, in particular, of articles retracted for #misconduct."
https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e48529

#Gender #Medicine #Quality #Retractions

Update. New study: "In three relatively #gender-balanced disciplines representing humanities (#history), social sciences (#economics), and natural sciences (#environmental sciences)" male authors consider more different journals before submission and resubmit more often after rejection.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-023-04829-9

Update. The Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (#JPSM) studied its own publishing history and released the results.
https://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885-3924(23)00739-X/fulltext

"There were differences in acceptance rates by region of residence, ethnicity, and race but not by gender. Asian authors and authors residing in regions outside of North America had greater odds of rejection compared to White or North American authors."

Update. New study (book chapter): "Male researchers publish more papers than female researchers & this difference increases over the course of scientific careers.…By contrast, female researchers achieve higher citation impact & publish in more prestigious journals than male researchers over the course of their careers, especially among researchers with short careers…The results suggest that many women with high potential leave the science system early in their careers."
https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32448/1/Tekles_Alexander.pdf#page=155